Last year, a developer working with cryptocurrency was found guilty of operating a money-transfer service without a license. This case, along with similar ones, is now at the center of a major debate in Washington about how the US should regulate decentralized finance.
The Conviction That Changed The Conversation
In August 2025, Roman Storm, who helped create the cryptocurrency mixing service Tornado Cash, was convicted of working with others to run an illegal money transfer business.
The developer community was shaken by the guilty verdict, and it suddenly highlighted the need to clarify the legal language in upcoming cryptocurrency laws.
The current situation is fueling a public disagreement between Senator Cynthia Lummis and crypto lawyer Jake Chervinsky. They’re debating whether the CLARITY Act, a bill designed to offer clarity in the digital asset space, truly safeguards the developers it intends to help.

Ignore the misinformation – for the past few weeks, we’ve been working with both Democrats and Republicans to improve Title 3, making this bill the best protection ever for DeFi and its developers. Passing the Clarity Act is essential to secure these protections.
— Senator Cynthia Lummis (@SenLummis) March 27, 2026
CLARITY Act: What Chervinsky Gets At
Chervinsky is worried about a specific part of the proposed Senate Banking Committee bill. He believes the language regarding money transmitters is too broad and could unexpectedly require software developers who don’t hold customer funds to follow strict anti-money laundering rules, like verifying customer identities and complying with extensive regulations.
He argues that outcome would essentially undermine the Blockchain Regulatory Certainty Act, which was specifically designed to exclude non-custodial developers from being subject to its rules.
However, the proposed bill also includes sections that weaken protections for BRCA data and unexpectedly require many software developers who don’t handle user data to comply with ‘Know Your Customer’ rules.
Those sections must be fixed or the bill doesn’t work for DeFi.
If the bill doesn’t work for DeFi, it doesn’t work at all.
— Jake Chervinsky (@jchervinsky) March 26, 2026
From my perspective, a major hurdle for the DeFi space is clarifying the regulatory status of developers who create non-custodial software. Specifically, we need to ensure they aren’t incorrectly labeled as money transmitters. This isn’t just a minor point – it’s a fundamental issue for the future of DeFi, and frankly, it’s still unresolved.
The issue he’s raising is significant. While a part of the CLARITY Act – specifically Section 604 – aims to protect developers who don’t handle user funds from being classified as financial institutions, Chervinsky believes other wording within the law creates enough uncertainty to potentially negate that protection.
On Friday, Senator Lummis responded to criticism, asserting that recent changes made with bipartisan support to Title 3 have resulted in the strongest legal protections for DeFi developers to date.
“Don’t believe the FUD,” she posted on X, urging supporters to back the legislation’s passage.

Text Still Not Public
Previous versions of the CLARITY Act are available, but the most recent changes discussed by Cynthia Lummis haven’t been made public yet. Because of this, it’s currently impossible to confirm exactly what those changes are.
The bill is moving forward and gaining support. Recent cooperation between Democrats and Republicans on rules for stablecoins means it’s likely to be reviewed and potentially revised by the Senate Banking Committee in April.
Chervinsky has pointed out that while stablecoin regulations have dominated the conversation, the important discussion about protecting developers has been largely overlooked.
Developers are paying close attention because the issue isn’t just academic – it has real consequences. Whether creating software that doesn’t hold users’ funds directly counts as money transmission is a critical question with practical implications.
Roman Storm learned this during a court case. Currently, the industry only has a senator’s statement online to rely on, as the updated CLARITY Act hasn’t been officially released for review.
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2026-03-29 10:29